Uyghurlarning nopusi heqqide

[Oghuzhan]

Qedirlik Qerindashlirim, Uyghurlar heqqide yezilghan bezi materiyallarda xelqimizning Xitay istatistikisidiki sanni dayim 7 milyon we uning etrapida dep yezip keliwatidu.buninggha allichigha arichi degendek Uyghurlarmu awaz qoshup, bir bolsa Uyghur nopusini 35 mil dese bir bolsa 20-25 dewatidu.buyerde bashqilargha chüshendürüp qoyushqa tegishlik mesile xeli bar.
1) 7 mil meselisi, Xitayning 80-yillardiki sap uyghur nopusi istatiskisini asas qilghan.
2)35 Mil meselisi, Xelqara jemiyet we bir qisim Uyghuristanliqlarning Uyghuristanda yashaydighan Barliq Uyghuristanliqlar we waqitliq aqqunlar (Xitay we bashqa milletler)ni qoshup yesaplighandiki texmin sanni asas qilghan.
3)20-25 mil meselisi , Wtinimizdiki Uyghur we Uyghur nesillik xeliqlerni yeni Qazaq, Qirghiz, Mungghul, Tajik...qatarliq yerlik xeliqlerni qoshup yesaplighandiki istatiskini körsütidu.
4) 18-20 mil meselisi; perezdiki sap Uyghur ahalisining nopusini Körsütidu.

Emma eng muhim tekitlinidighan bir nuqta Xitay Hökümitining hazirqi hökümet istatiskisida Uyghurlarning nopusining qanche qilip elan qiliniwatqanliqidur. eger siz bu nuqtigha qiziqsingiz Chinadatacenter.org/Chinageography/mapdisplay...ni ziyaret qiling we bundin keyinki yeziqchiliq we ilmiy tetqiqat materiyalliri, xet chek we addiy söhbetlerde zörul tepilghanda,dayim xelqimizning menpetige ziyanliq tesir beridighan kona istatiskini emes, bu yengi istatiskini qollinishingizni iltimas qilimiz.

[Unregistered]

Qedirlik Qerindashlirim, Uyghurlar heqqide yezilghan bezi materiyallarda xelqimizning Xitay istatistikisidiki sanni dayim 7 milyon we uning etrapida dep yezip keliwatidu.buninggha allichigha arichi degendek Uyghurlarmu awaz qoshup, bir bolsa Uyghur nopusini 35 mil dese bir bolsa 20-25 dewatidu.buyerde bashqilargha chüshendürüp qoyushqa tegishlik mesile xeli bar.
1) 7 mil meselisi, Xitayning 80-yillardiki sap uyghur nopusi istatiskisini asas qilghan.
2)35 Mil meselisi, Xelqara jemiyet we bir qisim Uyghuristanliqlarning Uyghuristanda yashaydighan Barliq Uyghuristanliqlar we waqitliq aqqunlar (Xitay we bashqa milletler)ni qoshup yesaplighandiki texmin sanni asas qilghan.
3)20-25 mil meselisi , Wtinimizdiki Uyghur we Uyghur nesillik xeliqlerni yeni Qazaq, Qirghiz, Mungghul, Tajik...qatarliq yerlik xeliqlerni qoshup yesaplighandiki istatiskini körsütidu.
4) 18-20 mil meselisi; perezdiki sap Uyghur ahalisining nopusini Körsütidu.

Emma eng muhim tekitlinidighan bir nuqta Xitay Hökümitining hazirqi hökümet istatiskisida Uyghurlarning nopusining qanche qilip elan qiliniwatqanliqidur. eger siz bu nuqtigha qiziqsingiz Chinadatacenter.org/Chinageography/mapdisplay...ni ziyaret qiling we bundin keyinki yeziqchiliq we ilmiy tetqiqat materiyalliri, xet chek we addiy söhbetlerde zörul tepilghanda,dayim xelqimizning menpetige ziyanliq tesir beridighan kona istatiskini emes, bu yengi istatiskini qollinishingizni iltimas qilimiz.
chinadatacenter.org

[Oghuzhan]

Xitay yuqarqi tor bekitide Uyghurlarning Xitay döliti we Uyghuristandiki tarqilish alayidilikige qarap turup, millitimizning sap nopusini mundaq 5 xil alayidilikke ege qilip elan qilghan.
1) Uyghurlar yoq diyerlik olturaqlashqan rayonda 310-785 ke qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
2)Uyghurlar shalang olturaqlashqan jaylarda 786-1800 ge qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
3)Uyghurlar nisbiten köp olturaqlashqan rayonlarda 1801-4600 ge qeder yashaydu..(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
4)Uyghurlar Köp olturaqlashqan rayonda 4601-8000 gha qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
5)Uyghurlar zich Olturaqlashqan Uyghuristanda 8346000 Uyghur yashaydu dep elan qilinghan.

Bularning hemmisini qoshsingiz Xotay Istatiskisidiki xelqaragha elan qilinghan eng yengi san chiqidu. bu san elbette 9,000,000 din eship ketidu.
Uningdin bashqa Yawropa, Amerika,Qazaqistan, Özbekistan,Türkiye, Afghan we Mungghuliye...qatarliq döletlerdiki sanni qoshsingiz, Uyghurlarning xelqara mejburi etirap qilmisa bolmaydighan nopusi 10,000,000 din eship ketidu.

Bizning nopus istatiskisi heqqide bunche bash qaturup ketishimizning jiq sewepliri bar. weten millet dawasimizni ilmiy, qayil qilarliq, logikiliq we qanuniy rewishte elip berishqa ehmiyet berishimiz, san-sifirlarning rolidin ünümlik paydilinishimiz lazim!

[Unregistered]

About Uyghurs

An introduction to Uyghurs and their motherland, East Turkistan.
Introduction to East Turkistan

East Turkistan, also known as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, lies in the heart of Asia. The current territorial size of East Turkistan is 1,626,000 square kilometers (635,000 square miles), which is 4 times the size of California.

According to official records in 1949, East Turkistan's original territories contained 1,820,000 square kilometers of land. The Qinghai and Gansu provinces of China annexed part of the territory as a result of the Chinese communist invasion of 1949.

East Turkistan has a diverse geography. It has grand deserts, magnificent mountains, and beautiful rivers, lakes, grasslands and forests.

A brief history of East Turkistan and its people

East Turkistan is the homeland of the Turkic speaking Uyghurs and other central Asian peoples such as Kazaks, Kyrgyz, Tatars, Uzbeks, and Tajiks. According to the latest Chinese census, the present population of these Muslims is slightly over 11 million; among these, the 8.68 million Uyghurs constitute the majority. However, Uyghur sources indicate that Uyghur population in East Turkistan exceeds 15 million.

East Turkistan is located beyond a logical boundary of China, the Great Wall. Historically, East Turkistan is a part of Central Asia, not of China. East Turkistan's people are not Chinese; they are Turks of Central Asia.

Records show that the Uyghurs have a history of more than 4000 years in East Turkistan. Situated along a section of the legendary Silk Road, Uyghurs played an important role in cultural exchanges between the East and West and developed a unique culture and civilization of their own.

Uyghurs embraced Islam in A.D. 934 during the Karahanid Kingdom. Kashgar, the capital of the Kingdom, quickly became one of the major learning centers of Islam. Art, the sciences, music and literature flourished as Islamic religious institutions nurtured the pursuit of an advanced culture. In this period, hundreds of world-renowned Uyghur scholars emerged. Thousands of valuable books were written. Among these works, the Uyghur scholar Yusuf Has Hajip's book, Kutatku Bilig (The Knowledge for Happiness, 1069-1070) and Mahmud Kashgari's Divan-i Lugat-it Turk (a dictionary of Turk languages) are most influential.

East Turkistan was invaded by the Manchu Empire of China

The Islamic Uyghur Kingdom of East Turkestan maintained its independence and prosperity until the Manchu Empire invaded the nation in 1876. After eight years of bloody war, the Manchu Empire formally annexed East Turkistan into its territories and renamed it "Xinjiang" (meaning "New Territory" or "New Frontier") on November 18, 1884. Uyghur power, stature and culture went into a steep decline after the Manchu invasion.

After Chinese Nationalists overthrew the Manchu Empire in 1911, East Turkistan fell under the rule of the nationalist Chinese government. The Uyghurs, who wanted to free themselves from foreign domination, staged numerous uprisings against Nationalist Chinese rule and twice (once in 1933 and again in 1944) succeeded in setting up an independent East Turkistan Republic.

Political Background

Heavy-handed state repression of all activities associated by the Chinese government with "Separatism" has created a dire human rights enviornment for teh Uyghur Muslim minority population of northwest China. Beijing has for more than a decade claimed to be confronted with "religious extremist forces" and "violent terrorists" in Xinjiang Province, a vast region one-sixth of China's land area.

Xinjiang is in fact a large, sparsely populated area that has been a site of heavy army and police concentrations since 1949, and is used as a base for nuclear testing, miliatry training, and prison labor facilities. The population of 18 million includes several Turkic-speaking Muslim ethnic groups, of which the Uyghurs, numbering eight million, are the largest. The percentage of ethnic Han Chinese in Xinjiang has grown as a result of government policies from six percent in 1949 to 40 percent at present, and now numbers some 7.5 million people. Much like Tibetans, Uyghurs in Xinjiang have struggled for cultural survival in the face of a government-supported influx by Chinese migrants, as well as harsh repression of political dissent and any expression, however lawful or peaceful, of their distinct identity.

Reports from Xinjiang document a pattern of abuse, including political imprisonment, torture, and disappearance. Mosques are summarily closed and the Uyghur language is banned from use in universities. Uyghurs are subjected to compulsory unpaid labor in the construction of a pipeline planned to export local petroleum resources to other parts of China. Uyghurs also continue to be the only population in China consistently subjected to executions for political crimes, and these executions are often both summary and public.

A handful of small-scale explosions aimed at government targets over the past decade have been repeatedly invoked by the Chinese government, particularly since September 11, in support of its strike-hard campaign to crack down on separatism and terrorism. In policy pronouncements for both domestic and international audiences, the government has sought to establish that all separatism is tantamount to Islamic terrorism, and in fact uses the terms interchangeably. The state's efforts to extinguish the common desire among Uyghurs for autonomy or outright independence appear to have increased the alienation of the population and, some analysts speculation, the potential for future violent conflict.

Although human rights organizations such as Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International express concern over the deteriorating situation in Xinjiang, expertise on the region is so scarce that activists agree that without critical support from Uyghur-run human rights organizations, very little information from within Xinjiang will see the light of day. Some information collection and documentation has begun in a sporadic way in Uyghur communities across the diaspora, but the effect will be limited without the establishment the establishment of a human rights organization specifically focused on the Uyghur situation.

[Unregistered]

11/04/2005 | Statement by: Mr. Enver Can, Vice President of the World Uyghur Congress delivered at the Briefing on 11th of April 2005, in Geneva, United Nations

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“ As AI observed several years ago, the findings in East Turkestan about violations of human rights is the pick of an iceberg. The international Community can not stay idle and do nothing, because, in 21st Century my people are being killed and executed in hundreds, if not thousands, for their political views and, because they want to leave in dignity as human beings”



East Turkestan, known as “Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region” in present-day China, continues to be a region where the Uyghurs are waging a life and death struggle for survival. Their fundamental freedoms and human rights, including civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights are being violated by the Chinese authorities on a massive scale. Any Uyghur who found passing information to the outside world about human rights abuses is at risk of arbitrary detention, torture and other serious human rights violations. High levels of repression have severely curtailed the flow of information from the region on human rights violations over decades. At the same time, the influx of Chinese settlers, together with coercive birth control among Uyghur women and the systematic sinozation of the Uyghur language pose the biggest threat to the survival of the Uyghurs as a distict nation. The people of East Turkestan continue to be arrested in thousands, many of them tortured and executed on political grounds.

The ongoing crackdown on the so-called "three evil forces" of "separatists, terrorists and religious extremists" is continuing to result in serious and widespread human rights violations directed against the Uyghur community in East Turkestan. The human rights situation in the region has deteriorated further following Nine-Eleven as China uses the international "war on terror" as a pretext to justify its policies of repression in the region.

However, after Nine-Eleven, the Chinese authorities staged a worldwide campaign to portray Uyghurs as “terrorists”. Despite warnings and concerns expressed by the international community, the Chinese authorities use the war against international terrorism as an excuse to launch a massive crackdown upon the Uyghurs. According to Amnesty International, since 11 September, 2001, the Chinese authorities have arrested more than 3.000 Uyghurs with detainees suffering inhuman torture.

More than 200 Uyghurs have been executed on political grounds while 50 people were sentenced to death for so-called separatist and terrorist activities. For instance, three Uyghurs – Shaheer Ali, Abdu Allah Sattar and Khenzum Whashim Ali - were forcibly returned to China by the Nepalese authorities in 2002. All three men were recognised as “persons of concern” by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees after their arrival in Nepal and were awaiting third country resettlement at the time of their deportation. Officials confirmed in October that Shaheer Ali had been executed after being found guilty of "terrorist" offences in a closed trial. Shaheer Ali had secretly left behind a detailed testimony in which he described being beaten, given electric shocks and kicked unconscious during a previous period of detention in 1994.

The World Uyghur Congress is verry much concerned that the high levels of repression in East Turkestan are narrowing the space for any independent expression of Uyghur ethnic, cultural or religious identity. Such expression, particularly when it takes the form of peaceful criticism, dissent or dissatisfaction, is often deemed by the authorities to constitute "separatist", "terrorist" or "illegal religious" activities, leading to arbitrary detention, torture and other serious human rights violations.

Before 1949 there were only 300,000 Chinese settlers in East Turkestan. But the figure is now more than 7 million according to official Chinese census. Observers, however, believe that this figure is much higher. It is estimated that every year 250, 000 Chinese settlers are moving into East Turkestan. According to reliable sources in East Turkestan, in the long run, the Chinese authorities are planning to settle at least 40 to 50 million Chinese into the region. Population transfer, including the implantation of settlers and settlements, was recognised by the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, in its resolution 1991, 92 and 93, to affect the basic human rights and freedoms of not only the peoples being moved or removed by the governments, but also of the original inhabitants of the territory into which settlers are being implanted. In its resolution, the Sub-Commission also noted that this practice could even constitute genocide. As stated above, population transfer can violate the rights not only of the people being moved, but also those into whose territory settlers are being moved. Thus, with the steady flow of Chinese settlers into East Turkestan its original inhabitants are faced with the danger of becoming a small minority in their own homeland and thereby losing their cultural identity. This policy of demographic aggression not only violates the right to self-determination of the peoples concerned.

Here also, economic, social and cultural rights are linked to other fundamental human rights. Invariably, the economic, social and cultural situation of the victim people is also damaged.

The ever growing Chinese settlers’ population has brought about widespread unemployment, hunger and disaster to the Uyghur people. The Chinese have monopolised not only political and economic authority and influence, but control in almost all walks of life in East Turkestan. As a result, there is no unemployment among the Chinese but among the Uyghurs unemployment rate growing at an alarming rate. Despite the region’s natural wealth, the Uyghurs live at bare subsistence level with almost 80 percent of them living below the threshold of poverty. According to a report released by the Xinjiang Provincial Government on November 2001, the average income of the Chinese settlers in East Turkestan is 3.6 times higher than that of an Uyghur. About 85 per cent of the Uyghur people are farmers. According to the same official Chinese report, the average annual income of an Uyghur farmer is 820 yuan or 100 US dollars whereas a Chinese farmer in East Turkestan earns an annual income of 3,000 yuan. Most of the fertile land in the region is occupied by the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps or briefly XPCC or Bintuan. Thus, especially in the Southern parts of East Turkestan many Uyghur farmers are living below subsistence.

In order to restrain the growth of the Uyghur population coercive birth control is being carried out among the Uyghur women, directly contradicting China’s stated policy of implementing special, preferential population policies for the minority nationalities. Recently, in the town of Chapchal, with a population of 180,000, only 100 women were allowed to give birth. In the same town, 40 Uyghurs working in the Chinese administration were fired from their jobs because their wives were pregnant. According to the source of the information, coercive birth control has lead to the deaths of thousands women and children throughout East Turkestan. Contrary to “one child” policy in mainland China, the Chinese settlers in East Turkestan are allowed to have more children.

Today, the Chinese authorities are pursuing a policy of systematic sinocization of the Uyghur language and literature. Until 1949, literary language of the Uyghurs contained almost no Chinese words. But now, large quantity of Chinese words have been introduced into Uyghur vocabulary, and in this regard, several thousand already existing Uyghur words in Uyghur vocabulary have been removed for reason such as “not favourable to the socialist construction”, “national unity” or whatsoever and replaced by Chinese terms. According to Uyghur scholars, the situation has reached to an alarming proportion.

In today’s Uyghur vocabulary you can find almost in every corner one or more Chinese words. If preventive steps are not taken, the Uyghur language, a most representative language of the Altay Language Family, which played a major role in the enrichment of Central Asian civilization for almost two thousand years, will soon disappear from the linguistic scene.

Furthermore, the Chinese authorities have also banned Uyghur language schools in East Turkestan by merging them with Chinese language schools, imposing Chinese as the language of instruction. Restrictions on cultural rights have also been tightened in recent years, including the reported banning and burning of tens of thousands of Uighur books and the imposition of an official policy banning Uyghur as a language of instruction for most courses at Xinjiang University from September 2002.
Several additional factors have combined to lend a degree of severity to human rights violations in East Turkestan over recent years and increased the level of discontent among the Uyghur population in the region. The failure of the authorities to address grievances held by many Uyghurs about serious and widespread violations of their economic, social and cultural rights remains a source of tension in the region. Unemployment remains high among Uyghurs and the continued influx of Han Chinese workers into the region has reportedly squeezed Uyghurs further out of the labour market. The vast majority of Uighurs are farmers; they are not proficient in Chinese and have limited educational and employment opportunities. Yet, in recent years, reports indicate that Uyghur families have increasingly been forced from their land by Han Chinese property developers without adequate consultation or compensation.

As a result of the current policies of the Chinese authorities, the people of East Turkestan remain in a very desperate and frustrated situation. This frustration can lead to grave consequences for all concerned, particularly the Uyghurs. Therefore, there is now an urgent need to defuse the rising tensions in East Turkestan aiming at an end to the gross and systematic violations of human rights of the Uyghurs. Respect for human rights is an essential element in a situation which requires conflict prevention. China’s view on human rights is most paradoxical. China rejects the principles to protect labour rights in labour camps or the rights of Chinese dissidents and the aspirations of the peoples of East Turkestan, and Tibet.

In conclusion, we appeal the UN Commission on Human Rights to adopt a resolution which will call upon the Chinese authorities to:

To extend an open invitation to all thematic mandates of the Commission and to receive them on official missions in East Turkestan;
To end so-called “Strike Hard” campaigns aimed at terrorizing the entire Uyghur population;
To put an end to the practice of the death penalty on political and religious dissidents;
To release all political and religious prisoners.
To guarantee the preservation of the cultural, religious and national identity of Uyghurs;
To ensure the human rights of the Uyghur people and honour their will to live with dignity;
To put an end to the extensive violations of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights which are resulting from the current political crackdown against the Uyghur people, including arbitrary detention and imprisonment, incommunicado detention, unfair trials, executions after summary trials, and sweeping restrictions on religious, cultural and social rights;
To take effective measures to address long-standing grievances within the Uyghur community about serious and widespread violations of their economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights;
To stop putting pressure on other states to forcibly return asylum seekers and refugees in violation of these states' obligations under international refugee and human rights standards;
To stop putting pressure on other states to prevent Uyghur diaspora organizations and individuals from engaging in peaceful and legitimate activities in line with their fundamental human rights.

[Oghuzhan]

Xitay yuqarqi tor bekitide Uyghurlarning Xitay döliti we Uyghuristandiki tarqilish alayidilikige qarap turup, millitimizning sap nopusini mundaq 5 xil alayidilikke ege qilip elan qilghan.
1) Uyghurlar yoq diyerlik olturaqlashqan rayonda 310-785 ke qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
2)Uyghurlar shalang olturaqlashqan jaylarda 786-1800 ge qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
3)Uyghurlar nisbiten köp olturaqlashqan rayonlarda 1801-4600 ge qeder yashaydu..(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
4)Uyghurlar Köp olturaqlashqan rayonda 4601-8000 gha qeder yashaydu...(Xitay Dölitidikki Uyghurlargha qaritilghan)
5)Uyghurlar zich Olturaqlashqan Uyghuristanda 8346000 Uyghur yashaydu dep elan qilinghan.

Bularning hemmisini qoshsingiz Xotay Istatiskisidiki xelqaragha elan qilinghan eng yengi san chiqidu. bu san elbette 9,000,000 din eship ketidu.
Uningdin bashqa Yawropa, Amerika,Qazaqistan, Özbekistan,Türkiye, Afghan we Mungghuliye...qatarliq döletlerdiki sanni qoshsingiz, Uyghurlarning xelqara mejburi etirap qilmisa bolmaydighan nopusi 10,000,000 din eship ketidu.

Bizning nopus istatiskisi heqqide bunche bash qaturup ketishimizning jiq sewepliri bar. weten millet dawasimizni ilmiy, qayil qilarliq, logikiliq we qanuniy rewishte elip berishqa ehmiyet berishimiz, san-sifirlarning rolidin ünümlik paydilinishimiz lazim!

Untup qalmayliki, yoqarqi sehipidiki u sitatistikiliq melumatning 2000-yilqi ehwalni asas qilghan bolup, aridin yene 10 yilgha yeqin waqit öteydewatidu.
siz bu heqte teximu köp yengi melumatqa ege bolushni xalisingiz, www.Google.com gha kirip, köznekke Uyghur Population dep yezip, webni isharet qilip, izdeng! undin keyin közligen meqsetke yetisiz.U yerge yene Uygur dep yezip Vidio ni isharet qilip izdisingiz intayin yaxshi filimlernimu körelysiz.

[Unregistered]

About Uyghur Language
Spoken in: China, Kazakhstan
Region: Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Total speakers: About 10 million
Official language of: Xinjiang

Uyghur in Chinese and Уйгурский (язык) in Russian—is a Turkic language spoken by the Uyghur people in Xinjiang (also called East Turkestan or Uyghuristan), formerly also “Sinkiang” and “Chinese Turkestan,” a Central Asian region administered by China. In English, the name of the ethnicity and its language is spelled variously as Uyghur, Uighur, Uygur and Uigur.

Uyghur is one of the southeastern Turkic languages, which is grouped by some linguists as a branch of Altaic.

Uyghur is spoken by 8.5 million (2004) in China, mostly in the far western Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Uyghur is also spoken by 300,000 in Kazakhstan, and there are Uyghur-speaking communities in Afghanistan, Australia, Germany, India, Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Turkey, United Kingdom, USA, and Uzbekistan.

The Uyghurs are one of the 56 official nationalities in China, and Uyghur is an official language of Xinjiang.

The dialects of Uyghur identified by the Ethnologue are Central Uyghur, Hotan (Hetian), and Lop (Luobu). There are two main languages in Xinjiang Uighur autonmous region: Uyghur and Chinese. Chinese is not used widely in southern Xinjiang. About 80 newspapers and magazines are available in Uighur; five TV channels and ten publishers serve as the Uighur media. All of the information and news provided has to be permitted by governmental offices.


Source: Wikipedia


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[Unregistered]

Bevölkerung [Bearbeiten]
Xinjiang hat laut dem Gebietszensus 2002 rund 19 Millionen Einwohner. Das Bevölkerungswachstum betrug 1,09% pro Jahr.

Der Zensus aus dem Jahr 2000 weist Uiguren (45%) und Han-Chinesen (41%) als die beiden größten Volksgruppen aus. Mit großem Abstand folgen Kasachen (7%) und Hui-Chinesen (5%). Alle anderen Volksgruppen (darunter Kirgisen und Mongolen) kommen auf einen Bevölkerungsanteil von unter 1%.

Volksgruppen in Xinjiang, Zensus 2000
Ethnie Bevölkerung Prozentanteil1
Uiguren 8.345.622 45,21
Han 7.489.919 40,58
Kasachen 1.245.023 6,74
Hui 839.837 4,55
Kirgisen 158.775 0,86
Mongolen 149.857 0,81
Dongxiang 55.841 0,30
Tadschiken 39.493 0,21
Xibe 34.566 0,19
Mandschu 19.493 0,11
Tujia 15.787 0,086
Usbeken 12.096 0,066
Russen 8935 0,048
Miao 7006 0,038
Tibeter 6153 0,033
Zhuang 5642 0,031
Daur 5541 0,030
Tataren 4501 0,024
Salar 3762 0,020

Quelle: 2000 nian renkou pucha Zhongguo minzu renkou ziliao, shangxia ce 2000 年人口普查中国民族人口资料, 上下册 Tabulation on Nationalities of 2000 Population Census of China, Volume 1, 2. 民族出版社 Minzu chubanshe (Nationalitätenverlag). 北京 Beijing 2003. ISBN 7105054255. 8+1.706 Seiten. [zweisprachig: Chinesisch-Englisch]

[ASHIFA KASSAM]

YézilmaArxip: Fri Sep 01, 2006 8:54 pm Mawzu: The Uyghur Muslem In Uyghuristan Neqillep Jawab Yézish
ASHIFA KASSAM


CBC News Viewpoint | August 28, 2006 |


Devotional chants ring out all around me. The walls of this ancient mosque resonate in harmony with these chants, rewarding the hundreds of people deep in prayer with an atmosphere of surreal calm.

This calm contrasts sharply with the hectic city that lies just beyond the mosque's steps. Chaotic, narrow lanes that lead into the mosque are crammed with vendors selling everything from Muslim food to Chairman Mao memorabilia. Giant billboards adorned with skinny models and Mandarin phrases stare down at the pedestrians who crowd the streets. Kites fly above the whole scene, painting the last bit of untouched landscape with dozens of bright colours.

I am in Xian, once the capital of China and home to the Great Mosque of Xian. Built in the 18th century, this mosque is the hub of activity for the more than 60,000 Muslims who live in Xian. As this is one of the largest mosques in China, it is the most prominent clue regarding the story of Muslims in China. It is estimated that there are anywhere from 20 million to 40 million Muslims currently living in China.

The first recorded arrival of Muslims in China was in 650 A.D. Although the Muslim envoy failed at their mission to convert Emperor Gaozong of Tang China to Islam, the emperor demonstrated his respect by ordering the construction of the first Chinese mosque in the Tang capital city of Chang-an.

During the remainder of the Tang dynasty, and during the Song and Yuan dynasties, a steady stream of Muslims arrived from the Arab world, driven by trade opportunities along the Silk Road. This immigration slowed drastically during the Ming dynasty, isolating the Muslims in China from the rest of the Islamic world. As a result, these Muslims increasingly adopted the Chinese language, dress and surnames. The mosques of China, which are built using traditional Chinese architecture laden with Arabic devotional inscriptions indicate the extent to which these Muslims have integrated into Chinese society.

Collectively referred to as the Hui minority, these Muslims have been granted a certain degree of religious freedom in Communist China. But not all Muslims in China have been so lucky. In the northwest corner of China lies the Sherqiy Türkistan Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), home to the Uighur Muslim population. The most recent Chinese government census put the population of Uighur Muslims in the XUAR at nine million, but Uyghur exile groups claim there are closer to 18 million Uighur Muslims living in the region.

Similar to the Tibetans who live in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China, the Uighurs are the indigenous majority of the XUAR. Their unique culture is revealed by their Central Asian heritage, their distinct language and their devotion to Islam. Like the Tibetans, the Uighurs claim their culture has been systematically eroded by the Chinese government since the People's Republic of China (PRC) declared the XUAR part of China in 1949. As in the case of the Tibetans, this claim has been echoed by human rights organizations ranging from Amnesty International to Human Rights Watch.

But unlike the Tibetans, the Uighurs have no charismatic leader-in-exile or celebrities in Hollywood to champion their cause. For this reason, few around the world ever hear the story of the Uighur people.

In the late 1930s and late 1940s, the Uighurs managed twice to declare an East Turkestan republic in the XUAR, but those successes were short lived. Since falling under Beijing's control, nationalist sentiments have continued to simmer in the XUAR, especially as the PRC continues their persecution of this ethnic group from every possible angle.

As Islam is the major feature underpinning the Uighur culture, the PRC has taken strong measures to curb the religious practice of these Muslims. In contrast with the freedoms granted to the Hui minority, in the XUAR the PRC controls where religious gatherings may be held, who can be a cleric and what version of the Qu'ran may be used. Fasting is prohibited, in spite of being mandatory for Muslims during the holy month of Ramadan. Communist party members and anyone under the age of 18 are forbidden from participating in any religious activity. In order to enforce these rules, government officials keep all mosques in the XUAR under constant surveillance.

Other aspects of the Uighur culture have been targeted as well. Many prominent Uighur writers and poets are in jail, and history books that do not conform to the PRC-approved version of history have been banned. Despite the Uighurs being the majority in the XUAR, the Chinese government recently changed laws to force all schools in the region to teach students in Mandarin rather than in Uighur.

The Uighurs have also been economically marginalized since the PRC began providing incentives for the Han population — the ethnic group that comprises the majority of China — to move to the resource-rich XUAR. In 1949, the official census placed the number of Han at six per cent of the population in the XUAR, but by 1978 that figure had climbed to 40 per cent. The Hans are always favoured for jobs and Uighurs are often paid less than Hans who work the same jobs.

Since Sept. 11, 2001, the treatment of the Uighurs has worsened under the banner of the PRC´s commitment to the United States-led war against terror. Citing the strong nationalist sentiments that continue to exist among the Uighur population in the XUAR, the PRC has labelled these peaceful farmers as an ethno-nationalist threat to the Chinese state. This classification is used to justify the continued marginalization of these people, in the name of "fighting terror."

This has led to an increasing number of arrests in the XUAR, most recently that of a Canadian citizen.

Huseyincan Celil fled China in the mid-1990´s and became a Canadian citizen in 2001. In absentia, China sentenced him to death on charges of organizing a political party to work on behalf of the Uighur people. During a recent visit to relatives in Uzbekistan, he was extradited to China. The resident of Burlington, Ont., is now being held in a secret Chinese prison awaiting his sentence.

The Uighur Canadian Association, arguing that Celil´s role in organizing the Uighur people to demand their rights through non-violent means is protected by the UN´s Universal Declaration of Human Rights, has appealed to the Canadian government to intervene on Celil´s behalf.

The Canadian government has tried to talk with the PRC about Celil, but their attempts have been met with silence. This silence doesn't bode well for Celil, and typifies the problem with silence that has plagued the Uighur people for the last half-century.

For despite the fact that the Uighurs remain the only people who continue to be executed on political charges by Chinese authorities, despite the rampant human-rights abuses that continue across the XUAR and despite the fact that the UN High Commissioner recently expressed her concern over the treatment of the Uighurs by the PRC, the persecution of the Uighurs in China remains a story that rarely finds an audience.
Choqqigha qaytish

[Unregistered]

YézilmaArxip: Fri Sep 01, 2006 8:54 pm Mawzu: The Uyghur Muslem In Uyghuristan Neqillep Jawab Yézish
ASHIFA KASSAM


CBC News Viewpoint | August 28, 2006 |


Devotional chants ring out all around me. The walls of this ancient mosque resonate in harmony with these chants, rewarding the hundreds of people deep in prayer with an atmosphere of surreal calm.

This calm contrasts sharply with the hectic city that lies just beyond the mosque's steps. Chaotic, narrow lanes that lead into the mosque are crammed with vendors selling everything from Muslim food to Chairman Mao memorabilia. Giant billboards adorned with skinny models and Mandarin phrases stare down at the pedestrians who crowd the streets. Kites fly above the whole scene, painting the last bit of untouched landscape with dozens of bright colours.

I am in Xian, once the capital of China and home to the Great Mosque of Xian. Built in the 18th century, this mosque is the hub of activity for the more than 60,000 Muslims who live in Xian. As this is one of the largest mosques in China, it is the most prominent clue regarding the story of Muslims in China. It is estimated that there are anywhere from 20 million to 40 million Muslims currently living in China.

The first recorded arrival of Muslims in China was in 650 A.D. Although the Muslim envoy failed at their mission to convert Emperor Gaozong of Tang China to Islam, the emperor demonstrated his respect by ordering the construction of the first Chinese mosque in the Tang capital city of Chang-an.

During the remainder of the Tang dynasty, and during the Song and Yuan dynasties, a steady stream of Muslims arrived from the Arab world, driven by trade opportunities along the Silk Road. This immigration slowed drastically during the Ming dynasty, isolating the Muslims in China from the rest of the Islamic world. As a result, these Muslims increasingly adopted the Chinese language, dress and surnames. The mosques of China, which are built using traditional Chinese architecture laden with Arabic devotional inscriptions indicate the extent to which these Muslims have integrated into Chinese society.

Collectively referred to as the Hui minority, these Muslims have been granted a certain degree of religious freedom in Communist China. But not all Muslims in China have been so lucky. In the northwest corner of China lies the Sherqiy Türkistan Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), home to the Uighur Muslim population. The most recent Chinese government census put the population of Uighur Muslims in the XUAR at nine million, but Uyghur exile groups claim there are closer to 18 million Uighur Muslims living in the region.

Similar to the Tibetans who live in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China, the Uighurs are the indigenous majority of the XUAR. Their unique culture is revealed by their Central Asian heritage, their distinct language and their devotion to Islam. Like the Tibetans, the Uighurs claim their culture has been systematically eroded by the Chinese government since the People's Republic of China (PRC) declared the XUAR part of China in 1949. As in the case of the Tibetans, this claim has been echoed by human rights organizations ranging from Amnesty International to Human Rights Watch.

But unlike the Tibetans, the Uighurs have no charismatic leader-in-exile or celebrities in Hollywood to champion their cause. For this reason, few around the world ever hear the story of the Uighur people.

In the late 1930s and late 1940s, the Uighurs managed twice to declare an East Turkestan republic in the XUAR, but those successes were short lived. Since falling under Beijing's control, nationalist sentiments have continued to simmer in the XUAR, especially as the PRC continues their persecution of this ethnic group from every possible angle.

As Islam is the major feature underpinning the Uighur culture, the PRC has taken strong measures to curb the religious practice of these Muslims. In contrast with the freedoms granted to the Hui minority, in the XUAR the PRC controls where religious gatherings may be held, who can be a cleric and what version of the Qu'ran may be used. Fasting is prohibited, in spite of being mandatory for Muslims during the holy month of Ramadan. Communist party members and anyone under the age of 18 are forbidden from participating in any religious activity. In order to enforce these rules, government officials keep all mosques in the XUAR under constant surveillance.

Other aspects of the Uighur culture have been targeted as well. Many prominent Uighur writers and poets are in jail, and history books that do not conform to the PRC-approved version of history have been banned. Despite the Uighurs being the majority in the XUAR, the Chinese government recently changed laws to force all schools in the region to teach students in Mandarin rather than in Uighur.

The Uighurs have also been economically marginalized since the PRC began providing incentives for the Han population — the ethnic group that comprises the majority of China — to move to the resource-rich XUAR. In 1949, the official census placed the number of Han at six per cent of the population in the XUAR, but by 1978 that figure had climbed to 40 per cent. The Hans are always favoured for jobs and Uighurs are often paid less than Hans who work the same jobs.

Since Sept. 11, 2001, the treatment of the Uighurs has worsened under the banner of the PRC´s commitment to the United States-led war against terror. Citing the strong nationalist sentiments that continue to exist among the Uighur population in the XUAR, the PRC has labelled these peaceful farmers as an ethno-nationalist threat to the Chinese state. This classification is used to justify the continued marginalization of these people, in the name of "fighting terror."

This has led to an increasing number of arrests in the XUAR, most recently that of a Canadian citizen.

Huseyincan Celil fled China in the mid-1990´s and became a Canadian citizen in 2001. In absentia, China sentenced him to death on charges of organizing a political party to work on behalf of the Uighur people. During a recent visit to relatives in Uzbekistan, he was extradited to China. The resident of Burlington, Ont., is now being held in a secret Chinese prison awaiting his sentence.

The Uighur Canadian Association, arguing that Celil´s role in organizing the Uighur people to demand their rights through non-violent means is protected by the UN´s Universal Declaration of Human Rights, has appealed to the Canadian government to intervene on Celil´s behalf.

The Canadian government has tried to talk with the PRC about Celil, but their attempts have been met with silence. This silence doesn't bode well for Celil, and typifies the problem with silence that has plagued the Uighur people for the last half-century.

For despite the fact that the Uighurs remain the only people who continue to be executed on political charges by Chinese authorities, despite the rampant human-rights abuses that continue across the XUAR and despite the fact that the UN High Commissioner recently expressed her concern over the treatment of the Uighurs by the PRC, the persecution of the Uighurs in China remains a story that rarely finds an audience.
Choqqigha qaytish

************************************************** **********

Uighur Muslims in the XUAR at nine million, but Uyghur exile groups claim there are closer to 18 million Uighur Muslims living in the region.

[Unregistered]

you have to learn basic ethics here. Author's title of this article is "China's Uyghur Muslim. it is not Uyghur Muslim in Uyghuristan.
do not mixed up.
for source:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/viewpoint/vp_kassam/20060828.html





************************************************** **********

Uighur Muslims in the XUAR at nine million, but Uyghur exile groups claim there are closer to 18 million Uighur Muslims living in the region.

[uchqun xewiri]

Qedirlik Qerindashlirim, Uyghurlar heqqide yezilghan bezi materiyallarda xelqimizning Xitay istatistikisidiki sanni dayim 7 milyon we uning etrapida dep yezip keliwatidu.buninggha allichigha arichi degendek Uyghurlarmu awaz qoshup, bir bolsa Uyghur nopusini 35 mil dese bir bolsa 20-25 dewatidu.buyerde bashqilargha chüshendürüp qoyushqa tegishlik mesile xeli bar.
1) 7 mil meselisi, Xitayning 80-yillardiki sap uyghur nopusi istatiskisini asas qilghan.
2)35 Mil meselisi, Xelqara jemiyet we bir qisim Uyghuristanliqlarning Uyghuristanda yashaydighan Barliq Uyghuristanliqlar we waqitliq aqqunlar (Xitay we bashqa milletler)ni qoshup yesaplighandiki texmin sanni asas qilghan.
3)20-25 mil meselisi , Wtinimizdiki Uyghur we Uyghur nesillik xeliqlerni yeni Qazaq, Qirghiz, Mungghul, Tajik...qatarliq yerlik xeliqlerni qoshup yesaplighandiki istatiskini körsütidu.
4) 18-20 mil meselisi; perezdiki sap Uyghur ahalisining nopusini Körsütidu.

Emma eng muhim tekitlinidighan bir nuqta Xitay Hökümitining hazirqi hökümet istatiskisida Uyghurlarning nopusining qanche qilip elan qiliniwatqanliqidur. eger siz bu nuqtigha qiziqsingiz Chinadatacenter.org/Chinageography/mapdisplay...ni ziyaret qiling we bundin keyinki yeziqchiliq we ilmiy tetqiqat materiyalliri, xet chek we addiy söhbetlerde zörul tepilghanda,dayim xelqimizning menpetige ziyanliq tesir beridighan kona istatiskini emes, bu yengi istatiskini qollinishingizni iltimas qilimiz.

Sherqiy Türkistanning Nopos Jehettiki Tereqqiyat Ehwali


Yéqinda, ETIC qarmighidiki < Uyghur Tetqiqat Merkizi >, Sherqiy Türkistanning 1949 – yilidin buyanqi nopos ehwali heqqide étirapliq tekshürüsh élip barghan idi, ular teripidin hazirlanghan doklatta yer alghan sanliq melumatlarning bir qismi töwendikiche:

1. Sherqiy Türkistanning hazirqi nopos ehwali

Bügün, Xitay hökümitining resmiy statiskilirida Sherqiy Türkistanning omomiy noposi 19 milyon 339 ming 500 bolup, Uylarning sani 8 milyon 823 ming 500, Uyghurlar omomiy noposnung 45.62 pirsentini teshkil qilidu, Xitaylarning sani 7 milyon 711 ming bolup, omomiy noposnung 39.87 pirsentini teshkil qilidu, Xitay teripidin < Xinjiang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni > dep atalghan Sherqiy Türkistanda Uyghurlar hazir azsanliq orungha chüshüp qalghan.
Undin bashqa yene Sherqiy Türkistanda 1954 – yili 10 – ayning 7 – künidin buyan öz aldigha mustéqil xandanliq quriwalghan < Bingtüen > diki Xitaylarning noposi 2 milyon 420 ming 900 bolup, ularning sani Sherqiy Türkistanning omomiy noposigha kirgüzülmigen.

2. Sherqiy Türkistanning 1949 – yilidiki nopos ehwali

< Xinjiang Uyghur aptonom rayonluq Statiska idarisi > teripidin tüzüp tarqitilghan, < jasaret bilen ilgirligen 40 yil > namliq kitapta körsütülishiche, 1949 – yili Sherqiy Türkistanning omomiy noposi 4 milyon 333 ming 400 bolup, bunung ichide Uyghurlarning sani 3 milyon 291 ming 100, Xitaylarning sani ( eskerlerni qoghqanda ) aran 291 ming neper idi.
Shu yil yerlik Xelq ichide tughulush nisbiti 30.03 pirsent, ölüsh nisbiti 20.81 pirsent bolup, noposnung tebiy köpüyüsh nisbiti 9.22 pirsent idi.
Hazir tughulush nisbiti 16.0 pirsent, noposning tebiy köpüyüsh nisbiti bolsa 10.91 pirsent bolmaqta.
Hökümet menbeliride körsütülishiche, Xitay dayirliri keyinki 30 yil ichide < Bingtüen > ning noposini 7 milyongha köpeytish, < aptonom rayon > ning noposini bolsa 2020 – yiligha barghanda 25 milyon 570 ming etrapida konturol qilishni pilanlighan.
Emma bezi mustéqil menbelerde, Xitay merkizi hökümitining kelgüside Sherqiy Türkistangha 100 milyon Xitayni yötkep kélip yerleshtürüshni pilanlighanliqi we < chong gherbi shimalni echish pilani > ning emiliyette bolsa Sherqiy Türkistangha keng – kölemde Xitay köchmini yötkesh pilani ikenliki körsütülmekte.

3. Sherqiy Türkistanning < Aptonom Rayon > gha özgertilgen 1955 – yilidiki nopos ehwali

Sherqiy Türkistan Xitay hökümiti teripidin 1955 – yili 10 – ayning 1 – küni mejburi halda < Xinjiang Uyghur aptonom rayoni > dep elan qilnghan bolup, shu yili sherqiy türkistanning omomiy noposi 5 milyon 117 ming 800 bolup, Uyghurlarning sani 3 milyon 720 ming 650, Xitaylarning sani bolsa 550 ming 50 idi.
Ughurlarning sherqiy türkistanda azsanliq orungha chüshüp qalghan mezgili 1967 – yili bolup, shu yili omomi nopos 8 milyon 718 ming 400 ge yétip, Uyghurlar 4 milyon 311 ming 500, Xitaylar bolsa 3 milyon 307 ming yétip bardi, yeni, 55 – yili omomiy noposning 75 pirsentidin köpirekini igelligen Uyghurlar, 12 yildin keyin 40 nechche pirsentke chüshüp qaldi.

4. Kommunist Xitay ishghalidin buyan, Xitay köchmenlirining Sherqiy Türkistangha yerlish ehwali heqqidiki körsrtküchler

< Xinjiang Uyghur Aptonom Rayonluq Statiska Idarisi > teripidin elan qilinghan sanliq melumatlargha asaslanghanda, 1949 – yilidiki kommunist ishghalidin buyan, Xitay köchmenlirining sherqiy Türkistangha yerlishish ehwali töwendikiche bolghan:


1949 - yili : 291 ming
1955 - yili : 550 ming 500
1960 - yili : 1 milyon 944 ming 500
1965 - yili : 2 milyon 758 ming 400
1970 - yili : 3 milyon 861 ming 200
1975 - yili : 4 milyon 780 ming 100
1980 - yili : 5 milyon 310 ming 300
1985 - yili : 5 milyon 349 ming 200
1988 - yili : 5 milyon 470 ming
1995 - yili : 6 milyon 36 ming 700
2000 - yili : 6 milyon 871 ming 528
2006 - yili : 7 milyon 711 ming

5. Kommunist Xitay ishghalidin buyan Uyghurlarning nopos ehwali heqqidiki körsetküchler

< Xinjiang Uyghur Aptonom Rayonluq Statiska Idarisi > teripidin elan qilinghan sanliq melumatlargha asaslanghanda, 1949 – yilidiki kommunist ishghalidin buyan, Uyghurlarning nopos tereqqiyati töwendikiche bolghan:

1949 - yili : 3 milyon 291 ming 100
1955 - yili : 3 milyon 726 ming 500
1960 - yili : 3 milyon 991 ming 200
1965 - yili : 4 milyon 115 ming 100
1970 - yili : 4 milyon 673 ming 300
1975 - yili : 5 milyon 266 ming 400
1980 - yili : 5 milyon 764 ming 600
1985 - yili : 6 milyon 294 ming 400
1988 - yili : 6 milyon 675 ming 200
1995 - yili : 7 milyon 589 ming 468
2000 - yili : 8 milyon 250 ming 236
2005 - yili : 8 milyon 823 ming 500.